However, in a public blockchain like Bitcoin, all transactions are announced publicly, which means privacy can’t be achieved in the same way.
Instead, privacy is maintained by keeping public keys anonymous.
This means that people can see that an amount of Bitcoin is being sent from one person to another, but they can’t see who those people are.
This is similar to the way that stock exchanges make the time and size of trades public, but don’t reveal who the parties involved were.
To further protect privacy, a new key pair should be used for each transaction to prevent transactions from being linked to a common owner.
However, in some cases, multi-input transactions can reveal that the inputs were owned by the same owner, which could potentially reveal other transactions belonging to that owner.